Boiler Energy-saving and emission-reduction technology for boilers and auxiliary equipment Auxiliary equipment for boilers is the basic point to achieve combustion medium, fire, combustion, burn-out and smooth material flow, and it is also the basis for technical energy saving and environmental protection. Industrial boilers are mainly coal-fired, and coal-fired industrial boilers are mainly high-temperature chain grate boilers. Therefore, chain grate boilers are the subjective of energy conservation and environmental protection, as well as the drawbacks of industrial boilers. For chain grate boilers, energy conservation and environmental protection must focus on reducing mechanical incomplete combustion loss and exhaust heat loss in two ways: one is to strengthen the ignition, combustion, and burnout of coal from the design of combustion equipment and combustion chamber structure. And heat transfer technology, including innovative grate slabs and air distribution structure, furnace arch and secondary air intensified ignition, combustion and burnout technology, reburning and burnout technology to reduce the carbon content of ash and fly ash, the main task is to reduce machinery Incomplete combustion loss, such as reducing the carbon content of ash and slag, needs to be optimized from four aspects: furnace arch design matching, secondary air adjustment, grate piece design, and air distribution uniformity.

① Add fuel;

The molecular structure of the hydrocarbons processed by the fuel economizer changes, the number of small molecules increases, the distance between molecules increases, and the viscosity of the fuel decreases. As a result, the atomization and refinement of fuel oil before combustion are greatly improved. The room is fully combusted under low oxygen conditions, so the blowing volume of the combustion equipment can be reduced by 15% to 20%, avoiding the heat taken away in the flue, and the flue temperature is reduced by 5℃ to 10℃. After the fuel oil of the combustion equipment is processed by the economizer, the fuel efficiency can be improved by 4.87% to 6.10%, and the flame is bright and dazzling, the black smoke disappears, and the furnace is clear and transparent. Thoroughly remove the coking phenomenon of the burning nozzle and prevent re-coking. The phenomenon of residue accumulation on the furnace wall due to insufficient fuel combustion is eliminated, and the effect of environmental protection and energy saving is achieved. Greatly reduce the pollution of the air by the exhaust gas emitted by the combustion equipment. The harmful components such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and hydrocarbon (HC) in the exhaust gas are greatly reduced, and the harmful exhaust gas emitted is reduced by more than 50%. At the same time, the dust content in the exhaust gas can be reduced by 30%-40%. Installation location: Installed between the oil pump and the combustion chamber or nozzle, the ambient temperature should not exceed 360°C.

② Install condensing gas boiler energy saver;

The exhaust gas of a gas boiler contains up to 18% water vapor, which contains a large amount of latent heat that has not been used, the exhaust gas temperature is high, and the sensible heat loss is large. The combustion of natural gas still emits pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and a small amount of sulfur dioxide. Reducing fuel consumption is the best way to reduce costs. The condensing gas boiler economizer can be directly installed in the existing boiler flue to recover the energy in the high-temperature flue gas and reduce fuel consumption. The economic benefits are very obvious. At the same time, the condensation and absorption of water vapor The nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and other pollutants in the flue gas can reduce pollutant emissions and have important environmental protection significance.

③ Adopt condensing waste heat recovery boiler technology;

In traditional boilers, the exhaust gas temperature is generally 160-250℃, and the water vapor in the flue gas is still in a superheated state, and it is impossible to condense into liquid water and release the latent heat of vaporization. As we all know, the thermal efficiency of the boiler is calculated based on the low calorific value of the fuel, without considering the heat loss of the latent heat of vaporization in the high calorific value of the fuel. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of traditional boilers can generally only reach 87% to 91%. The condensing waste heat recovery boiler reduces the exhaust gas temperature to 50-70°C, fully recovers the sensible heat in the flue gas and the condensation latent heat of water vapor, and improves the thermal efficiency; the condensed water can also be recycled.

④ Heat pipe waste heat recovery technology is adopted at the end of the boiler;

Waste heat is energy that is not used in energy utilization equipment under certain economic and technical conditions, that is, excess and wasted energy. It includes seven types of waste heat of high-temperature exhaust gas, waste heat of cooling medium, waste heat of waste steam and wastewater, waste heat of high-temperature products and slag, waste heat of chemical reactions, waste heat of combustible waste gas and waste materials, and waste pressure of high-pressure fluid. According to the survey, the total waste heat resources of various industries account for about 17% to 67% of their total fuel consumption, and the recyclable waste heat resources are about 60% of the total waste heat resources. The superconducting heat pipe is the main heat conduction element of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device, which is essentially different from ordinary heat exchangers. The heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device can reach more than 98%, which is unattainable by any ordinary heat exchanger. The heat pipe waste heat recovery device is small in size, only 1/3 of the ordinary heat exchanger. Its working principle is shown in the figure: the flue gas channel on the left, the clean air (water or other medium) channel on the right, and the partition in the middle does not interfere with each other. The high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the left channel, and the high-temperature flue gas flushes the heat pipe when it is discharged. When the flue gas temperature is greater than 30℃, the heat pipe is activated and automatically conducts heat to the right. At this time, the left side of the heat pipe absorbs heat, and the high-temperature flue gas flows through the heat pipe. The temperature drops, and the heat is absorbed by the heat pipe and conducted to the right. The clean air (water or other medium) at room temperature is under the action of the blower and flows in the opposite direction of the right channel to flush the heat pipe. At this time, the right side of the heat pipe radiates heat, heating the clean air (water or other medium), and the temperature rises after the air flows through the heat pipe. A waste heat recovery device composed of several heat pipes is installed in the boiler smoke outlet to absorb the heat in the flue gas and conduct it to the other end at a high speed, so that the exhaust gas temperature is reduced to close to the dew point and the heat emission loss is reduced. The clean air after heating can be used to dry materials or be added to the boiler for recycling. Improve the thermal efficiency of boilers and industrial furnaces, reduce fuel consumption, and achieve the purpose of energy saving.

In the design and manufacture of industrial oil, gas, and coal-fired boilers, in order to prevent corrosion and ash clogging at the heating surface of the boiler, the exhaust gas temperature in the standard state is generally not less than 180℃, up to 250℃. The high temperature flue gas emission not only causes a lot of heat energy Waste, but also pollute the environment. The heat pipe waste heat recovery device can recover the heat of the flue gas, and the recovered heat can be used as boiler water supplement and domestic water according to need, or the heated air can be used as boiler combustion air or drying materials. Save fuel costs, reduce production costs, reduce exhaust emissions, and save energy and environmental protection. The investment in renovation is recovered within 3-10 months, and the economic benefits are significant.

⑤ Adopt anti-scaling and descaling technology;

By adopting boiler descaling agent, electronic anti-scaling device and softening water treatment equipment, the water vapor circulation system is optimized. The water softening equipment can remove calcium, magnesium and other scaled ions in the water, so that the water is softened, and the sewage rate of the boiler is reasonably controlled, thereby reducing scale , Improve boiler thermal efficiency.

⑥ Adopt fuel additive technology;

Add additives to the fuel to optimize the fuel, reduce soot, and improve thermal efficiency;

⑦ Adopt new fuel;

Use new environmentally friendly fuel oil to achieve the goal of reducing fuel costs.

⑧ Adopt oxygen-enriched combustion technology;

The oxygen content in the air is ≤21%. The combustion of industrial boilers also works under such air. Practice has shown that when the amount of gas oxygen in the boiler combustion reaches more than 25%, the energy saving can be as high as 20%; the boiler start-up heating time is shortened by 1/2-2/3. The oxygen enrichment is the application of physical methods to collect the oxygen in the air, so that the oxygen enrichment content in the collected gas is 25%-30%. Oxygen-enriched combustion is the latest energy-saving and environmentally friendly technology. In the past ten years, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements and the need for energy conservation, oxy-fuel combustion as an emerging combustion technology has flourished in various countries around the world.

⑨ Adopt swirl combustion boiler technology;

As we all know, traditional boilers have two major drawbacks. One is that smoke and dust are emitted during combustion, which become an important source of pollution; the other is that cinder burns are insufficient and energy waste is extremely serious. Compared with traditional industrial boilers, the new technology of pure smokeless and energy-saving swirl combustion boiler has absolute advantages. It saves 30%~35% coal compared to hand-fired boilers and 25% compared to chain automatic boilers. Because the pure smokeless energy-saving technology uses PID frequency conversion and ABM power saving system, it saves 40% of electricity compared with traditional boilers, and the volatile matter can be burned and used by more than 90%, while the burnout rate of volatile matter of traditional boilers is only 78% About 22% of the smoke and dust is discharged into the atmosphere. The pure smokeless and energy-saving swirling combustion technology makes the ash burn-out rate reach 97%, while the burn-out rate of traditional boiler cinder is only about 80%. It is for these reasons. The pure smokeless and energy-saving combustion technology can increase the furnace temperature from the original 1200°C to about 1500°C, which improves the combustion efficiency, saves fuel, and meets customer needs.

⑩ Adopt air source heat pump hot water unit replacement technology;

Replace the existing fuel (gas) hot water boiler with an air source heat pump hot water unit; energy consumption can be saved by 30% to 50%.

⑾ The coal-fired boiler is converted into an oil (gas) boiler;

Energy-saving boiler fuel energy-saving and environmentally-friendly combustor energy-saving method.